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Background: Laser hair removal (LHR) remains one of the most frequently performed cosmetic procedures worldwide. While selective photothermolysis principles remain fundamental, recent technological innovations including rotational multi-wavelength approaches, in-motion delivery systems, and enhanced cooling mechanisms have expanded treatment efficacy across diverse skin types. This review provides a comprehensive update on LHR literature from 2023 to 2025. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles published between January 2023 and early 2025. Keywords included “laser hair removal,” “photoepilation,” and “LHR.” Forty seven studies were selected and analyzed based on Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) levels of evidence. Results: Recent data confirms the safety and efficacy of long-pulsed Nd:YAG 1064 nm lasers for darker skin types (Fitzpatrick IV-VI), while Alexandrite 755 nm remains the gold standard for lighter skin. Emerging evidence supports the use of rotational protocols and triple-wavelength diode systems to overcome treatment plateaus. Significant clinical applications beyond cosmetic use have been validated, including gender-affirming care, management of hidradenitis suppurativa (Level 1a evidence), and pilonidal sinus disease prevention. Paradoxical hypertrichosis remains a challenging adverse event with a prevalence of up to 18.3% in high-risk populations. Conclusion: Laser hair removal technology continues to evolve with improved safety profiles and expanded indications. Standardized protocols tailored to individual skin phototypes and hair characteristics are essential for optimizing outcomes and minimizing complications.

Keywords: hair removal; laser therapy; hair follicle; hidradenitis suppurativa; hirsutism; hypertrichosis